The development of live attenuated vaccines for Japanese encephalitis (JE) represents a groundbreaking technology with the potential to transform vaccination approaches. These vaccines offer the advantage of single-dose administration, simplifying vaccination schedules and reducing logistical challenges.
Autologous Granulocyte Therapy, a cutting-edge advancement in the treatment of Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD), offers a groundbreaking solution to the challenges faced by CGD patients. This innovative technology involves correcting the genetic defects in the patient's own phagocytes by providing the missing messenger RNA (mRNA) required for protein production. These functionally corrected autologous granulocytes can then be reintroduced into the patient's system to combat severe infections.
This groundbreaking technology entails the utilization of genetically modified mice, specifically engineered to enable the non-destructive detection and isolation of cells actively transcribing the IL-4 and IL-13 genes. By expressing Amcyan and DsRed-DR fluorescent proteins under the control of these gene loci, researchers gain a powerful tool for studying cytokine gene expression without the need for cell death, offering significant advantages over traditional intracellular staining methods.
This technology presents a sophisticated two-step vaccination approach designed to provide comprehensive protection against filovirus infections, including Ebola and Marburg viruses. It involves administering a prime-boost vaccine sequence, employing replication-defective adenoviral serotype 26 (Ad26) as the priming agent and replication-defective adenoviral serotype 35 (Ad35) as the boosting agent. Both vectors are engineered to express the crucial filovirus envelope glycoprotein (GP), encompassing various strains of Ebolavirus (EBOV) and Marburg (MAR).
This technology includes a real-time RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase – polymerase chain reaction) Taqman assay using primers and probes specific for EV-D68 viral protein 1 nucleic acid. This assay provides a more specific identification of EV-D68 strains allowing better diagnosis. Human Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is a non-polio enterovirus that can cause mild to severe respiratory illness, especially in infants and children with asthma. The assay is simple, validated, and allows rapid testing and detection of EV-D68 in respiratory samples.
This technology includes a HIV-2 plasmid library for use in diagnostic assay development. In December of 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) proposed a new US laboratory testing algorithm for the diagnosis of HIV infections. This new algorithm recommends additional testing for confirmation of HIV infection using a nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) in the event of discordant serological test results.
This technology includes a repository of unique Enterobacteriaceae isolates for various therapeutic and diagnostic uses:
Enterobacter cloacae (Known Acquired Resistance: NDM-1) – Strain 0038
Klebsiella pneumoniae (Known Acquired Resistance: CTX-M-14) – Strain 0079
Citrobacter freundii (Known Acquired Resistance: KPC-2) – Strain 0116
Escherichia coli (Known Acquired Resistance: NDM-1) – Strain 0118
Klebsiella pneumoniae (Known Acquired Resistance: NDM-1) – Strain 0148
Escherichia coli (Known Acquired Resistance: NDM-5) – Strain 0150
This technology includes a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using hydrolysis probe (TaqMan®) chemistry which was developed for detection and type-specific identification of human adenovirus type 4 (HAd4) genomic DNA in clinical specimens. The assay uses unique oligonucleotide primer and probes designed to conserved regions of the HAd4 hexon protein gene. Assay reagents and amplification conditions were optimized and sensitivity and specificity characteristics determined with DNA extracts from multiple HAd4 laboratory strains and other respiratory viral pathogens.
This technology includes mycoplasma-free PV (isolated in 1882) and SAD/ERA (isolated in 1935) virus stock for rabies vaccine development. Rabies virus causes a nearly uniformly fatal disease, but can be prevented by timely vaccination. Two of the most common rabies virus vaccine strains are PV and SAD/ERA, both of which have had extensive passaging in both animals and subsequently cultivation in cells. The rabies vaccine virus stocks stored at CDC are heavily contaminated by mycoplasma.
This technology includes a new reverse genetics-based approach that generates Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHF) viral replicon particles (CCHF VRPs) to be developed into a vaccine for CCHFV. With mortality rates as high as 80% and with no FDA-approved vaccines or therapeutics, CCHFV is considered a dangerous emerging human pathogen. Unlike transcriptionally competent virus like particles (tc-VLPs), that only include CCHFV virus proteins and minigenome RNA, VRPs undergo one full round of replication closely mimicking authentic viral replication.