Codon-optimization of HIV-1 Viral Infectivity Factor (VIF) Gene

Expression of the HIV-1 Vif protein in the absence of other viral factors such a Tat and Rev is extremely inefficient due to the presence of inhibitory sequences on its mRNA. This invention uses codon optimization to remove such inhibitory sequences without altering the amino acid sequence of the protein. The modified vif gene in the resulting pcDNA -hVIF vector is expressed under the control of the CMV promoter. In this, the protein functions as wild type and is more amendable to high-level expression in mammalian cells.

Characterization of novel pan anti-HLA antibodies that block LILR inhibitory receptors and activate anti-tumor immunity

       Cancer immunotherapy has transformed treatment for some patients, but many tumors still do not respond well to current options, including checkpoint inhibitors. Researchers at NIAID’s Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB) have developed new antibodies designed to help the immune system fight tumors. These lab-made antibodies, called pan-anti-HLA monoclonal antibodies, block signals that can limit immune cell activity.

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